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During anesthesia based medical procedures, the most common type of damage to the eye is corneal abrasion. This tear or graze of the cornea on the eye is very painful for the patient. In most cases, a corneal abrasion occurs because the eye is not closed fully during a procedure and the eye dries out. About 60% of patients undergoing anesthesia do not close their eyes naturally. In addition, general anesthetics reduce the rate of tear production. The dry cornea may stick to the inside of the eyelid and the abrasion occurs when the eye reopens.

Covering the eyes also protects them by preventing any debris from getting into the eye.